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When the World Wide Web began in 1990, few suspected how successful it would
become. One estimate is that there are over a hundred million websites and 30 billion web pages. But
as some people are well aware, the Web can be painfully slow for those who
connect to the Internet using 56 Kbps modems over telephone lines. Because
the data-carrying capacity of telephone lines, known as bandwidth,
can be low, receiving electronic data can take a long time. Fortunately new technology has addressed this problem.
Connecting to the Internet via DSL lines, cable, satellite and wireless networks increases bandwidth dramatically, making the Web much more useful. Increased speed has ignited an explosion of electronic commerce, video on demand, telecommuting, collaborative scientific projects, videoconferencing and virtual environments.
Internet2The incubator for many of the emerging technologies shaping the future is known as Internet2. Formed in 1996 and administered by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID), Internet2 is a partnership between universities, corporations and government agencies. It's a Petrie dish for networking experiments. The project's goals are to create new applications that can't run over the existing Internet and to develop the infrastructure that supports those applications.Internet2 is a not a single network, but a consortium of hundreds of high-speed networks linked by fiber optic backbones that span the United States and links to other countries. The network transmits data at speeds up to 2.4 gigabits per second--45,000 times faster than a 56 Kbps modem-- allowing scientists to test their laboratory discoveries in the real world. The next-generation network went online in February, 1999, linking a number of universities around the world. It should be available for commercial use soon. Then get ready for 21st century services like interactive television, virtual 3-D videoconferencing, and much more. High-speed networks will make it possible for professionals to work in ways never before possible. For instance, scientists around the world can share specialized equipment like electron microscopes. NASA has developed a Virtual Collaborative Clinic that connects medical facilities around the U.S., allowing doctors to manipulate high-resolution, 3-D images of MRI scans and other medical imaging. Not only can doctors consult and diagnose, but they can simulate surgery by using a "CyberScalpel." Virtual surgery gives surgeons an opportunity to practice before ever entering the operating room, reducing the time required for the actual procedure. Using this kind of virtual technology, local hospitals can access resources and skills only available at larger institutions. NASA plans to use the technology to provide remote health care to astronauts on extended space journeys.
A New Kind of WebWhile PCs were once the primary means of accessing the Internet, we're now seeing Internet-enabled devices such as PDAs and cell phones that send and receive e-mail and access the Web. Soon, everything from your car to your refrigerator will be connected to the global network, communicating with each other wirelessly.Electrolux, best known for its vacuum cleaners, has developed the ScreenFridge, an Internet refrigerator that manages your pantry, among other things. It e-mails a shopping list to your local supermarket and coordinates a convenient delivery time with your schedule. Say hello to a brave, new world.
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